Equatorial Guinea is the third largest oil producer in Sub-Saharan Africa and Chad holds the biggest oil reserves in the whole region. However, with falling oil prices, growth rates in the Central African states have decreased in recent years. All of the region’s countries struggle to reduce poverty and to increase living standards for the population by improvement in clean water supply and better access to electricity, which is very low in most countries in Central Africa.
Regionally, the potential for development of hydropower could not be more diversified. DR Congo with 100,000 MW has the largest technically feasible hydropower potential in Africa; in contrast Chad has only about 30 MW. The Central African Republic has revealed plans to expand its use of renewable energy resources such as hydropower and solar. About 30 sites for hydropower development with capacities between 0.5–180 MW were identified to exploit the 3,000 MW potential of the country. Equatorial Guinea, as one of Africa’s smallest countries, has only one 120 MW hydropower scheme installed, representing 20% of the nation’s electricity production. Gabon has about 8,000 MW of hydropower potential, of which only 2% (330 MW) have been harnessed so far. The government plans to increase the nation’s installed capacity to 1,200 MW by 2020, strengthening the economy of one of the most prosperous nations in Sub-Saharan Africa.